The term osseous , with etymological origin in Latin osseus, is a adjective that names what belongs or is linked to bones . A bone , on the other hand, is a piece of great hardness that composes the skeleton of a living being class (the so-called vertebrates ).
The most important component of the bones is the woven bone , formed by various cells and an extracellular matrix subjected to calcification. Bone tissue confers the hardness and firmness that characterize the bones.
Three types of cells specialized bones form: osteoclasts (which discard or reabsorb bone tissue), the osteoblasts (they promote the development of bone tissue) and osteocytes (name that osteoblasts receive when they reach maturity and change their function).
It is likely that a person suffer a blow or impact that affects the bones. In this sense, a bone trauma It is an injury that occurs in a bone. It may be an incomplete or complete fracture, depending on the severity. Bone fracture occurs when the bone loses continuity: if the bone that breaks causes a wound in the skin and it comes to the surface, there is talk of exposed fracture .
He bone cancer On the other hand, it is the one that affects the bones. It is usually a Cancer that arose in another region of the organism and that expanded to reach the bone. There is, however, primary bone cancer, which arises in the bone itself.
The bones are structures solids that are composed mainly of bone tissue, and these make up the so-called bone system. Internal skeletons are rigid or semi-rigid structures that are inside a body and move thanks to the action of a muscular system. In the case of humans and some mammals, these structures are ossified or mineralized and, therefore, are called bones.
Cartilages are also important components of system Skeletal as they complement its structure. The nose and ears of humans take advantage of cartilage in different ways. It is worth mentioning that some organisms do not have bone in their skeletons, but are composed exclusively of cartilage; Sharks are a clear example of this. To connect the bones with the rest of the rigid structures there are ligaments; The union with the muscular system is achieved by tendons.
The skeleton performs several functions of great importance, some of which are:
* Hold : this system of bones or cartilage allows us to support and fix the rest of the parts of the body , but also keep muscles, ligaments and tendons in position, since they lack stiffness or solidity;
* Locomotion : Although the movement could not occur without the help of the muscles, the bone system is an essential part of the displacement, since it serves to keep the body firm and structured;
* Hematopoiesis : in the red marrow of the long bones it has the production of the red blood cells and, to a lesser extent, of the lymphocytes and monocytes;
* Protection : given its solidity, the bones prevent the organs behind them lodged from suffering damage important when the body goes through situations such as a fall to the ground, a blow with another solid body or an attack from another living being. Some examples of this function are the brain, which takes refuge perfectly inside the skull; the lungs and the heart, which receive protection from the ribs and spine; the eyes, which are comfortably located in the orbital cavities; the ear, lodged in the temporal bone; the spinal cord, which acts inside the spine.
